What are the differences between Active and Passive transport? Following are the differences between Active and Passive transport -: Criteria Active Transport Passive Transport Definition Movement of molecules or ions against the concentration gradient (low to high concentration). Movement of molecules or ions along the concentration gradient (high to low concentration). Energy Requirement Requires energy … Read more
What are Bacteria? Characteristics of Bacteria Structure of bacterial cell Upon observation under microscope several structural components are revealed outside and inside the cell wall. The various structures of a typical bacterial cell are: 1. Capsule Functions of capsule: 2. Flagella 3. Pili or Fimbriae 4. Cell wall Functions of cell wall: 5. Plasma membrane … Read more
What are the differences between Osmosis and Diffusion? Following are the differences between Osmosis and Diffusion -: Criteria Osmosis Diffusion Definition Movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration. Movement of molecules (gas, liquid, or solid) from a region of higher concentration to lower … Read more
What are the differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells? Following are the differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells -: Criteria Prokaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells Cell Size Small (1-10 µm) Larger (10-100 µm) Nucleus Absent (nucleoid region present) Present (membrane-bound nucleus) Organelles No membrane-bound organelles Membrane-bound organelles present (e.g., mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum) Chromosomes Single, circular chromosome … Read more
This article contains notes on Definition, Classification and Types of microorganisms:- Definition of Microorganisms Microbes or microorganisms are microscopic organisms (i.e., they are not visible to naked eye) that exist as unicellular, multicellular, or cell clusters. Microorganisms are widespread in nature (they make up almost 60% of the earth’s living matter) and are beneficial to … Read more
What is the difference between A, B and Z forms of DNA? Following are the differences between A, B and Z forms of DNA -: Criteria A-DNA B-DNA Z-DNA Helix Type Right-handed helix Right-handed helix Left-handed helix Helix Diameter 23 Å (Angstroms) 20 Å 18 Å Base Pairs per Turn 11 base pairs 10.5 base … Read more
What are the differences between DNA and RNA? Following are the differences between DNA and RNA -: Criteria DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) Full Form Deoxyribonucleic Acid Ribonucleic Acid Sugar Deoxyribose Ribose Structure Double-stranded (helix) Single-stranded Nitrogenous Bases Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine Location Nucleus (mainly), Mitochondria Cytoplasm, Ribosome, Nucleus Function … Read more
Definition of Microbiology Microbiology is the study of organisms and agents that are too small to be visible with the unaided eye – that is, the study of microorganisms. Because objects less than about one millimeter in diameter cannot be seen clearly and must be examined with a microscope, microbiology is concerned primarily with organisms … Read more
*Portal vein – A vein that starts with capillaries and ends in capillaries is called portal vein. What is Hepatic Portal System? Gastric vein from stomach, superior mesenteric vein from small intestine and inferior mesenteric vein from large intestine do not join the inferior vena cava directly instead they join together and form a single … Read more
What is Excretion and Excretory System? The process of removal of chemical waste (mainly nitrogenous) from the body is known as excretion and the organ system involved is called Excretory System. Excretion plays an important role in maintaining the homeostatic condition of the body. Excretory Products CO2 and Water Nitrogenous Waste Products Nitrogen containing waste … Read more