pH Meter – Principle, Parts, Working, Procedure, Types, Applications, Advantages & Precautions
A pH meter is a modern electronic device that measures hydrogen ion concentration in a solution and displays it directly as a pH value.
Biotechniques
Laminar Flow Hood / Cabinet – Principle, Types, Parts, Procedure, Applications & Precautions
A Laminar Flow Hood (also called Laminar Flow Cabinet) is a special enclosed workstation designed to maintain a contamination-free environment in laboratories.
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis – Principle, Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Limitations
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis is one of the most widely used techniques in molecular biology, genetics, and biochemistry. It plays a central role in DNA and RNA analysis, genetic fingerprinting, and even in medical diagnostics. This method allows scientists to separate and visualize nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) based on their size and charge.
Hot Air Oven – Principle, Parts, Types, Working, Applications & Advantages
Hot Air Oven is a laboratory sterilization equipment based on dry heat. Learn its principle, parts, types, working steps, applications in microbiology, advantages, limitations, and safety precautions.
Bioreactor – Principle, Design, Parts, Types, Applications, and Limitations
A bioreactor is a specialized vessel used for biological reactions and fermentation processes. It provides a controlled environment where microorganisms, plant cells, or animal cells can grow and produce useful products like antibiotics, enzymes, organic acids, and biofuels.