Microbiology is the branch of science that deals with the study of microscopic organisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and algae. These microorganisms play vital roles in ecosystems, human health, industry, and biotechnology. By understanding their functions and interactions, microbiologists contribute to advancements in medicine, agriculture, and environmental science.
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Vaccines (Latin: vacca = cow) preparation/suspension or extract of dead/attenuated (weakened) germs of a disease which, on inoculation (injection) into a healthy person, provides temporary/permanent active/passive immunity by inducing antibody formation.
What is HIV/AIDS virus? HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) is a retrovirus that belongs to the genus Lentivirus, part of the family Retroviridae. It is the causative agent of AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome).
Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) is a plant virus that mainly infects tobacco plants but can also affect other crops, including tomatoes and peppers. It is a rod-shaped virus, one of the first ever discovered and studied.
Bacteriophages are the viruses which infect bacteria. These viruses that parasitizes the bacteria. Bacteriophages were discovered independently by Frederick William Twort in 1915 and Félix d’Hérelle in 1917.
Viruses are intracellular obligate parasites, non-cellular (acellular) sub-microscopic organisms. The word “virus” means venom or poisonous fluid. They lack cell organelles and make use of the protein synthetic machinery of the host cell.
Bacterial Culture Media Bacterial culture media are nutrient-rich substances designed to support the growth, proliferation, and maintenance of bacterial populations in a controlled laboratory environment. One of the most important reasons for culturing bacteria in vitro is its utility in diagnosing infectious diseases. Isolating a bacterium from sites in the body normally known to be … Read more
What are Bacteria? Characteristics of Bacteria Structure of bacterial cell Upon observation under microscope several structural components are revealed outside and inside the cell wall. The various structures of a typical bacterial cell are: 1. Capsule Functions of capsule: 2. Flagella 3. Pili or Fimbriae 4. Cell wall Functions of cell wall: 5. Plasma membrane … Read more
This article contains notes on Definition, Classification and Types of microorganisms:- Definition of Microorganisms Microbes or microorganisms are microscopic organisms (i.e., they are not visible to naked eye) that exist as unicellular, multicellular, or cell clusters. Microorganisms are widespread in nature (they make up almost 60% of the earth’s living matter) and are beneficial to … Read more
Definition of Microbiology Microbiology is the study of organisms and agents that are too small to be visible with the unaided eye – that is, the study of microorganisms. Because objects less than about one millimeter in diameter cannot be seen clearly and must be examined with a microscope, microbiology is concerned primarily with organisms … Read more
