Analytical Balance – Definition, Principle, Parts, Types, Working, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

Analytical Balance – Definition, Principle, Parts, Types, Working, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

An Analytical Balance is a highly sensitive laboratory instrument designed to measure the mass of substances with extreme accuracy. It is a Class II balance often referred to as a laboratory balance, capable of measuring solid, liquid, granular substances, or powders.

Descriptive Studies in Research Methodology – Types, Applications, Advantages, and Limitations

Descriptive Studies in Research Methodology – Types, Applications, Advantages, and Limitations

Descriptive studies are types of research that focuses on describing the distribution of disease, health conditions, or other characteristics in a population.

UV-Vis Spectroscopy – Principle, Instrumentation, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

UV-Vis Spectroscopy – Principle, Instrumentation, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

UV-Vis Spectroscopy (Ultraviolet–Visible Spectroscopy) is a widely used analytical technique that studies how a sample absorbs or transmits ultraviolet (190–400 nm) and visible light (400–800 nm). It is also called absorption spectroscopy or reflectance spectroscopy.

Fluorimetry – Principle, Instrumentation, Factors, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Fluorimetry – Principle, Instrumentation, Factors, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Fluorimetry is an analytical technique used to measure the fluorescent light emitted by a substance when it absorbs ultraviolet (UV) or visible light. It helps in studying the concentration, properties, and interactions of compounds in a sample.

Hot Air Oven – Principle, Parts, Types, Working, Applications & Advantages

Hot Air Oven – Principle, Parts, Types, Working, Applications, Advantages

Hot Air Oven is a laboratory sterilization equipment based on dry heat. Learn its principle, parts, types, working steps, applications in microbiology, advantages, limitations, and safety precautions.

Null Hypothesis and Alternative Hypothesis – Definition, Examples & Differences

Null Hypothesis and Alternative Hypothesis – Definition, Examples & Differences

Learn the difference between null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis with definitions, symbols, examples, importance, and applications in biology research.

Bioreactor – Principle, Design, Parts, Types, Applications, and Limitations

Bioreactor – Principle, Design, Parts, Types, Applications, and Limitations

A bioreactor is a specialized vessel used for biological reactions and fermentation processes. It provides a controlled environment where microorganisms, plant cells, or animal cells can grow and produce useful products like antibiotics, enzymes, organic acids, and biofuels.

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) – Principle, Instrumentation, Types & Applications

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) – Principle, Instrumentation, Types & Applications

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is one of the most powerful and widely used techniques in modern laboratories. It helps to separate, identify, and quantify different components of a mixture with high accuracy and efficiency.

Mass Spectrometry – Principle, Steps, Instrumentation, Types & Applications

Mass Spectrometry – Principle, Steps, Instrumentation, Types & Applications

Mass Spectrometry (MS) is a highly precise analytical technique used to identify and measure the amount of chemicals present in a sample. It works by ionizing molecules and separating them based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z).

Centrifugal Force and Centripetal Force – Definition, Differences, Principles, Examples & Applications

Centrifugal Force and Centripetal Force – Definition, Differences, Principles, Examples & Applications

When an object moves in a circular path, two important forces come into play — centripetal force and centrifugal force. Centripetal force is a real force that pulls an object towards the center of its circular path. Centrifugal force is a fictitious (pseudo) force that seems to push an object outward, away from the center.