Vortex Mixer – Definition, Principle, Parts, Types, Working, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

Vortex Mixer – Definition, Principle, Parts, Types, Working, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

A vortex mixer (also called vortexer) is a small, simple, yet very useful laboratory device designed for mixing liquids quickly and efficiently. It works by creating a vortex (whirlpool-like motion) in the liquid, which ensures thorough mixing of contents.

Homogenizer – Principle, Parts, Types, Working, Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Homogenizer – Principle, Parts, Types, Working, Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

A homogenizer is a very important laboratory and industrial instrument used for preparing uniform mixtures and suspensions. The term “homogenize” literally means “to make the same throughout.” In science, technology, and industries, many processes require samples to be broken down, mixed, or dispersed in such a way that every portion of the mixture has the same composition.

Colorimeter – Definition, Principle, Parts, Working, Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Colorimeter – Definition, Principle, Parts, Working, Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

A colorimeter is a laboratory instrument used in colorimetry to measure how much light a solution absorbs or transmits. It helps determine the concentration of colored compounds in a solution by comparing it with a standard reference solution.

Ultracentrifuge – Principle, Types, Parts, Working Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

Ultracentrifuge – Principle, Types, Parts, Working Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

An ultracentrifuge is a highly advanced centrifuge that operates at extremely high speeds (60,000–150,000 rpm). It is used to separate very small biological and chemical molecules that cannot be separated by regular centrifuges.

Micropipette – Definition, Types, Parts, Working, Applications, Errors, Calibration & Limitations

Micropipette – Definition, Types, Parts, Working, Applications, Errors, Calibration & Limitations

A micropipette is a laboratory instrument designed to measure and transfer very small volumes of liquid (in microliters, µL) accurately and precisely. It is essential for experiments in molecular biology, microbiology, biochemistry, and pharmaceutical sciences.

Laboratory Incubator – Principle, Types, Components, Working, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Laboratory Incubator – Principle, Types, Components, Working, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

A laboratory incubator is a heated, insulated chamber designed to provide a controlled environment for the growth, storage, and preservation of biological cultures such as bacteria, fungi, yeast, and mammalian cells.

Fluorimetry – Principle, Instrumentation, Factors, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Fluorimetry – Principle, Instrumentation, Factors, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Fluorimetry is an analytical technique used to measure the fluorescent light emitted by a substance when it absorbs ultraviolet (UV) or visible light. It helps in studying the concentration, properties, and interactions of compounds in a sample.

pH Meter – Principle, Parts, Working, Procedure, Types, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

pH Meter – Principle, Parts, Working, Procedure, Types, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

A pH meter is a modern electronic device that measures hydrogen ion concentration in a solution and displays it directly as a pH value.

Laminar Flow Hood / Cabinet – Principle, Types, Parts, Procedure, Applications & Precautions

Laminar Flow Hood / Cabinet – Principle, Types, Parts, Procedure, Applications & Precautions

A Laminar Flow Hood (also called Laminar Flow Cabinet) is a special enclosed workstation designed to maintain a contamination-free environment in laboratories.

Agarose Gel Electrophoresis – Principle, Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Agarose Gel Electrophoresis – Principle, Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Agarose Gel Electrophoresis is one of the most widely used techniques in molecular biology, genetics, and biochemistry. It plays a central role in DNA and RNA analysis, genetic fingerprinting, and even in medical diagnostics. This method allows scientists to separate and visualize nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) based on their size and charge.