Analytical Balance – Definition, Principle, Parts, Types, Working, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

Analytical Balance – Definition, Principle, Parts, Types, Working, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

An Analytical Balance is a highly sensitive laboratory instrument designed to measure the mass of substances with extreme accuracy. It is a Class II balance often referred to as a laboratory balance, capable of measuring solid, liquid, granular substances, or powders.

Biological Safety Cabinets (BSCs) – Definition, Classes, Working, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

Biological Safety Cabinets (BSCs) – Definition, Classes, Working, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

Biological Safety Cabinets (BSCs), also called biosafety cabinets or microbiological safety cabinets, are enclosed ventilated laboratory workspaces designed to protect personnel, samples, and the environment from biohazardous materials.

Water Bath – Definition, Principle, Types, Parts, Working, Applications, Advantages, Limitations & Precautions

Water Bath – Definition, Principle, Types, Parts, Working, Applications, Advantages, Limitations & Precautions

A laboratory water bath is one of the most essential and commonly used instruments in biology, chemistry, medical, and industrial laboratories. It is primarily used for incubating samples at a constant temperature over a long period of time.

Homogenizer – Principle, Parts, Types, Working, Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Homogenizer – Principle, Parts, Types, Working, Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

A homogenizer is a very important laboratory and industrial instrument used for preparing uniform mixtures and suspensions. The term “homogenize” literally means “to make the same throughout.” In science, technology, and industries, many processes require samples to be broken down, mixed, or dispersed in such a way that every portion of the mixture has the same composition.

Colorimeter – Definition, Principle, Parts, Working, Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Colorimeter – Definition, Principle, Parts, Working, Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

A colorimeter is a laboratory instrument used in colorimetry to measure how much light a solution absorbs or transmits. It helps determine the concentration of colored compounds in a solution by comparing it with a standard reference solution.

Ultracentrifuge – Principle, Types, Parts, Working Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

Ultracentrifuge – Principle, Types, Parts, Working Procedure, Applications, Advantages & Precautions

An ultracentrifuge is a highly advanced centrifuge that operates at extremely high speeds (60,000–150,000 rpm). It is used to separate very small biological and chemical molecules that cannot be separated by regular centrifuges.

Micropipette – Definition, Types, Parts, Working, Applications, Errors, Calibration & Limitations

Micropipette – Definition, Types, Parts, Working, Applications, Errors, Calibration & Limitations

A micropipette is a laboratory instrument designed to measure and transfer very small volumes of liquid (in microliters, µL) accurately and precisely. It is essential for experiments in molecular biology, microbiology, biochemistry, and pharmaceutical sciences.

Laboratory Incubator – Principle, Types, Components, Working, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Laboratory Incubator – Principle, Types, Components, Working, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

A laboratory incubator is a heated, insulated chamber designed to provide a controlled environment for the growth, storage, and preservation of biological cultures such as bacteria, fungi, yeast, and mammalian cells.

Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) – Principle, Steps, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) – Principle, Steps, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) is a simple, quick, and effective technique used to separate and identify the components of a mixture. It is performed on a plate coated with a thin layer of adsorbent material (e.g., silica gel, alumina, or cellulose) which acts as the stationary phase.

Fluorimetry – Principle, Instrumentation, Factors, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Fluorimetry – Principle, Instrumentation, Factors, Applications, Advantages & Limitations

Fluorimetry is an analytical technique used to measure the fluorescent light emitted by a substance when it absorbs ultraviolet (UV) or visible light. It helps in studying the concentration, properties, and interactions of compounds in a sample.